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            Joseph Hold was born in Laibach Yugoslavia (currently Slovenia) July 31, 1937. His family was originally from Austria and if you asked him he’d say he was Austrian. He lived in Gotshee, a German speaking community in Slovenia. During the war, this area of Yugoslavia sided with the Germans.

 When the war was over they faced tough times at the hands of the Yugoslavs. Starvation was rampant as was homelessness. My father and his mother were forcibly detained in camps where they were separated. This chapter is best told with a letter excerpt from my father’s cousin Ridy Hoegler Skyrme:    

Oct. 20, 2000

“My own family’s flight from Untersteiermark may have taken long days and nights, been very uncomfortable and dangerous, but we made it to Graz and safety.  Many Gottscheers were not as lucky.  Many died; some were murdered; some starved to death; some died simply from exhaustion on their endlessly long journey; and many endured hardships which in retrospect seem impossible to survive.  

Among this latter group was my Tante Ottilie (Ottilie Hoegler Hold) and her 7-year-old son, Joseph.  By the time it was their turn to be evacuated from Gurkfeld in Untersteiermark, it was too late.   They ended up in the city of Gottschee, where they were imprisoned.  From there they were taken to Sternthal, the worst of Tito’s concentration camps.  Ottilie had been briefly married to a chap in Sarajevo; I don’t know if he was Serbian, Slovenian or Croatian.  She divorced him when Joe was barely two years old.   Divorces among Gottscheers at that time were unheard of, and they were only granted in the rest of the country for the most serious reason.  In her case the divorce was instantly granted. This perceived blot on her record made her persona non grata among the Gottscheers, and a traitor among the Yugoslavs.  The divorce also left a paper trail.  In Sternthal she was ignored by the other Gottscheer prisoners and repeatedly beaten and abused by the Yugoslav captors.  At the beginning, Joe had to watch his mother’s abuse.  Eventually he was sent off to a children’s camp, which supposedly was run by the Red Cross.  Conditions in the children’s camp were little better than at Sternthal.  The children were malnourished, filthy, and sick.  Only a handful survived.  Among the survivors was Joe.  When they were returned to Sternthal, Tante Ottilie did not recognize Joe until he came to her and called her “Mama.”  He was covered in lice and fleas and was reduced to skin and bones.  

After Joe returned she devised a plan to escape.  Various farmers in the area delivered produce to the camp, and she persuaded one of these to hide them on his wagon, and take them to the Austrian border.  It wasn’t quite that simple, but eventually the man agreed to smuggle them out of the camp.  What happened next is unclear.  Some days later, Tante Ottilie woke up in a hospital and Joe was sitting by her bedside.  He was bruised, but otherwise fine, and he had been washed and combed and fed.    The story she was told was that while they were hiding on that wagon, there was an accident, and they were thrown clear of it.  They were found some time later; Joe had been guarding her unconscious body.  Some good Samaritans had taken them both to the hospital.  It was on the Austrian side of the border.  They were alive and safe. 

The struggle after that was to keep the two of them alive. 

After days of wandering, they found a farmer who allowed them to sleep in the chickencoop and gave them food in exchange for Tante Ottilie’s labor in the fields.  Joe even ended up in a school while they lived at this farm.  He did not have any pleasant memories of their time there, either of the school or of the way they were treated by the farmer.  When they left there, almost a year later, they were still malnourished.  

Tante Ottilie decided to make her way to Vorarlberg, to the home her mother had left almost seventy years earlier.   She knew that if any of the family members were still alive, they would take them in.  Eventually she had managed to save enough money from the meager wages the farmer paid her, and they made their way to Altach in Vorarlberg.  There she was given a place to stay; she got a job in a garment shop; and she also found the cases of goods that her sister, my Tante Paula, (Paula had a fatal heart attack in 1944) had sent ahead for safekeeping.  She was able to sell those items to augment her small income and she and Joe finally had enough to eat again.   She was grateful to be able to join her brothers and their families in the USA and on March 1, 1950, they arrived in New York on the same boat as Arnold Rom and his mother.

... The fact that she survived at all, and managed to keep Joe alive, is truly astonishing to me. How she could keep even the tiniest flicker of hope alive when she was abandoned by her own countrymen, and abused by her captors, is incomprehensible.  She lived for her child, and the rest of her life was always for her child.  She was beautiful and vulnerable, and truly made of steel. 

Joe had buried all the memories of that time.  After his mother’s death, forty-five years later, they started to surface in nightmares...Eventually he decided he simply had to try to keep those memories buried; it was still too painful and too soon to deal with them. Now he will never have to.  Both my Tante Ottilie and the cousin whom I regarded as my little brother have found peace at last.”

Indeed, my Grandmother found the post-war economy to be tough and was lured by the promise of America.

Dad and his Mom moved to Queens, NYC from Europe, where they eventually settled in College Point. My Grandmother took various jobs including making cafeteria lunches and many years working in a rubber goods factory. Dad first went to public school where he wasn’t popular due to anti-German sentiment around that time. Grandma, like many American immigrants, highly valued educating her child and eventually got the money to send him to private high school. Dad attended high school at LaSalle academy where one year, at least, he was ranked first in his class.

 


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